President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Bill into law on August 14, 1935, only 14 months after sending a special message to Congress on June 8, 1934, that promised a plan for social insurance as a safeguard «against the hazards and vicissitudes of life.» The Social Security Act established two types of provisions for old-age security:
(1) Federal aid to the States to enable them to provide cash pensions to their needy aged; and
(2) a system of Federal old-age benefits for retired workers.
The Social Security Trust Fund was created to be used to pay benefits and program administrative costs. The Department of the Treasury manages it. According to the US Social Security Administration (SSA), «The significance of the new social insurance program was that it sought to address the long-range problem of economic security for the aged through a contributory system in which the workers themselves contributed to their own future retirement benefit by making regular payments into a joint fund.»
However, the SSA informs as well that «As a stop-gap measure, Congress passed legislation in 1981 to permit inter-fund borrowing among the three Trust Funds (the Old-Age and Survivors Trust Fund; the Disability Trust Fund; and the Medicare Trust Fund).» Therefore, the Department of the Treasury merged the Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) and Disability Insurance (DI) Trust Funds into the Social Security Trust Fund. Social
Security is financed by payroll taxes paid by covered workers and their employers, federal income taxes paid by some beneficiaries on a portion of their benefits, and interest income from the Social Security trust fund investments. Accordingly, the Social Security Trust Fund was to be reserved strictly to guarantee Social Security benefits to old-age American citizens and residents in order to protect the system for future generations. Consequently, the Social Security Trust Fund should be safe from “raids” by politicians using these funds to promote projects and other budgetary expenses devised to win them favor with the electorate in the upcoming elections. The fact is that since 1983 the US Congress has ignored these principles. In 1983, Congress raised the payroll tax rate that funds Social Security benefits to prepare for the retirement of the baby boom generation. But that was just a cover-up for their true purposes, and the actual cash surplus from the excess payroll taxes, amounting to $2.4 trillion including interest over the last 25 years, was borrowed from the Trust Fund and used to support government spending on other programs. The Social Security Trust Fund was credited with Treasury bonds in return for the borrowed funds. These bonds are backed by the full faith and credit of the federal government and they earn interest, but these bonds are not “real” assets with cash value. As far back as April 5, 1998, then US Congressman Elton Gallegly (Rep. from California) recognized this budgetary travesty saying that: «Money that taxpayers have paid into Social Security for their retirement should not be used to pay for everything from foreign aid to defense to public housing. That is just plain dishonest.»
However, by law, all net cash surpluses are required to be invested in special-issue government bonds (in fact a government loan or IOU) and, to a lesser extent, certificates of indebtedness. In return, the federal government gets access to $2.9 trillion in borrowing capacity that it can use for normal line items in its budget. In other words, Social Security's Trust has $2.9 trillion in asset reserves, but not a red cent of cash in the vault. On the contrary, its assets are expended in the federal budget with a promise to be paid back sometime in the future.
Facing this stark truth, a “Lockbox” bill (H.R. 2) was passed by a vote of 407-2 in the US House of Representatives during the 107th Congress under the George W. Bush administration on Feb. 13, 2002, that would have protected the Social Security Trust Fund from further raids from politicians. Nevertheless, a tiny group of powerful Senators has abused the power of their positions all these years to stop this bill from even coming to a vote in the US Senate.
Congress tried again to pass a "Lockbox” bill last year when the H.R. 1269 bill was approved. This bill establishes (1) a Social Security Surplus Protection Account; and (2) limited transfers from the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, a Medicare Surplus Protection Account. If the House bill were approved in the Senate, the Secretary of the Treasury) (1) must transfer the annual surplus of the trust fund to its respective account; and (2) may not invest the balance in the account until a law takes effect that authorizes, for amounts in the trust fund, an investment vehicle other than U.S. obligations. This is not as strict as the original bill, but it does set certain necessary limitations including rules guaranteeing that any future surpluses should be guarded to prevent wasteful spending.
The problem is: the US Senate has shelved it! Again!
All concerned citizens should be resolved to call upon their Senators (phone call, text message, or letter) asking them to “discharge” and release this bill from the Senate’s legislative gridlock and allow the “Lock Box” bill to come to an immediate vote before the full US Senate. It is a serious problem that affects everyone in the US, but it can be partially solved with the approval of this law.
Citizens should warn their Senators that they will not vote in their favor in the upcoming elections if they do not comply with this urgent request.